Toilets And Bidets

The vast majority of new toilets now requires the flange to be roughed-in at 12 in. o.c. from the finish wall, or 12-1/2 in. o.c. from the framed wall if the finish walls will be drywall. Of course, it might be possible that the finish wall will be thicker than standard 1/2-in. drywall (for example 3/4-in. wood wainscoting or tile set in a thick mortar bed); this detail will need to be verified before the toilet flange can be accurately roughed-in. Many plumbers will rough-in at 13 in. o.c. from the framed wall, which leaves 1 in. for finish wall material and dimensional variations in the fixture.

The top of the flange should ideally lie flush with the finish floor, so you'll have to take account of the finish floor material when setting the flange in place. Anything more than 1/4 in. off in either direction can cause problems, but it is better to be a little low than too high. If the finish floor will be 3/4-in. wood flooring or tile set in a thick mortar bed, block up the flange with l/2-in. or 3/4-in. plywood ring to the estimated height of the floor.

If the cold-water supply comes through the wall, it should be placed high enough above the eventual height of the baseboard so that neither the baseboard nor the escutcheon plate around the pipe will need to be cut or trimmed. Low-profile one-piece toilets require a lower supply pipe, while higher two-piece toilets work fine with supply pipes up to 10 in. above the finish floor. If the supply pipe enters from the floor, offset it enough from the framed wall to provide clearance for the escutcheon plate and baseboard. Whether the supply enters from the floor or the wall, it should be offset 6 in. from the centerline of the toilet. Wall-hung toilets and urinals will require a manufacturer-specific installation.

Bidets present far more rough-in variables than toilets, which for the most part are now standardized. While most bidets have a self-contained P-trap that connects directly to a sanitary tee via a long trap arm, the manufacturer's specifications for the particular bidet that will be installed should be consulted to determine the type and location of the drain opening. Valve systems for bidets also vary, with some mounted on the wall and some mounted on the bidet itself. Again, the manufacturer's specifications will need to be consulted to establish the rough-in locations for the water supplies.

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